Īlthough the word Tagalog refers to the Tagalog people, a specific ethno-linguistic group mostly in southern Luzon, Bonifacio used the term 'Tagalog' in 'Tagalog Republic' to denote all non-Spanish peoples of the Philippines in place of Filipinos, which had colonial origins, referring to his concept of the Philippine nation and people as the 'Sovereign Tagalog Nation/People' or more precisely 'Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People' (Filipino: Haring Bayang Katagalugan), in effect a synonym of 'Tagalog Republic' or more precisely 'Republic of the Tagalog Nation/People'. However, as noted by Filipino historian Xiao Chua, Bonifacio did not refer himself as Supremo but rather as Kataas-taasang Pangulo (Supreme President), Pangulo ng Kataas-taasang Kapulungan (President of the Supreme Assembly), or Pangulo ng Haring Bayan (President of the Sovereign Nation/People), as evidenced by his own writings. Since Presidente Supremo was shortened to Supremo in contemporary historical accounts of other people, he thus became known by that title alone in traditional Philippine historiography, which by itself was thus understood to mean 'Supreme Leader' in contrast to the later 'Presidents'. While the term Katipunan (and the title 'Supreme President') remained, Bonifacio's government was also known as the Tagalog Republic (Spanish: República Tagala Filipino: Republika ng Katagalugan), and the term haring bayan or haringbayan as an adaptation and synonym of 'republic', from its Latin roots as res publica. Andrés Bonifacio could be considered the president of the tagalog provinces, while he was the third Supreme President (Spanish: Presidente Supremo Filipino: Kataas-taasang Pangulo) of the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society that started an open revolt against the Spanish colonial government in August 1896, he transformed the society into a revolutionary government with himself as 'President of the Sovereign Nation/People' (Filipino: Pangulo ng Haring Bayan). 1081 that placed the country under martial law in September 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos consistently referred to himself as 'President of the Philippines.' History Early republics Bonifacio's Tagalog Republic ĭepending on the definition chosen for these terms, a number of persons could alternatively be considered the inaugural holder of the office. The 1973 constitution, though generally referring to the president as 'President of the Philippines', Article XVII, Section 12 once used the term, 'President of the Republic.' In the text of Proclamation No. The restoration of the Commonwealth in 1945 and the subsequent independence of the Philippines restored the title of 'President of the Philippines' enacted in the 1935 constitution. Laurel from the Commonwealth government-in-exile under President Manuel L. The term 'President of the Republic of the Philippines' used under Japanese occupation of the Philippines distinguished the government of then-president José P.

The honorific for the president is 'Your Excellency' or 'His/Her Excellency.' During his tenure, President Rodrigo Duterte broke precedent by not using the honorific, opting to drop the title in all official communications, events or materials. In the other major languages of the Philippines such as the Bisayan languages, presidente is more common when Filipinos are not actually code-switching with the English word. The official title of the Philippine head of state and government is 'President of the Philippines.' The title in Filipino is Pangulo ( cognate of Malay penghulu 'leader', 'chieftain'). The current president of the Philippines is Bongbong Marcos, who was sworn in on June 30, 2022. No one who has served more than four years of a presidential term is allowed to run or serve again. The president is limited to a single six-year term.

įilipinos generally refer to their president as pangulo or presidente in their local language. However, four vice presidents have assumed the presidency without having been elected to the office, by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. The president is directly elected by the citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the vice president of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The president of the Philippines ( Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as Presidente ng Pilipinas) is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines.

Commander in chief job